1. General: Role of livestock in Indian Economy and human health. Mixed farming. Agro-climatic zones and livestock distribution. Socio-economic aspects of livestock enterprise with special reference to women.

2. Genetics and Breeding: Principle of genetics, chemical natural of DNA and RNA and their models and functions. Recombinant DNA technology, transgenic animals, multiple ovulation and embryo-transfer. Cytogenetics, imnumogenetics and biochemical polymorphic and their application in animal improvement. Geneactions. Systems and strategies for improvement of livestock for milk, meat, wool production and drought and poultry for eggs and meat. Breeding of animals for disease resistance. Breeds of livestock, poultry and rabbits.

3. Nutrition: Role of nutrition in animal health and production. Classification of feeds. Proximate composition of feeds, feeding standards, computation of rations. Ruminant nutrition. Concepts of total digestible nutrients and starch equivalent systems. Significance of energy determinations. Conservation of feeds and fodder and utilization of agro by-products. Feed supplements and additives. Nutrition deficiencies and their management.

4. Management: Systems of housing and management of livestock, poultry and rabbits. Farm record. Economics of livestock, poultry and rabbit farming. Clean milk production. Veterinary hygiene with reference to water, air and habitation. Sources of water and standards of potable water. Purification of water. Air changes and thermal comfort. Drainage systems and effluent disposal. Biogas.

5. Animal Production: (a) Artificial insemination, fertility and sterility. Reproductive physiology, semen characteristics and preservation. Sterility its causes and remedies.

(b) Meats, eggs and wool productioii. Methods of slaughter of meat animals, meat inspection, judgement, carcass characteristics, adulteration and its detection processing and preservation; Meat products, quality control and nutritive value, By-products. Physiology of egg production, nutritive value, grading of eggs preservation and marketing. Types of wool, grading and marketing.

6. Veterinary Science: (i) Major contagious diseases affecting cattle, buffaloes, horses, sheep and goats, pigs, poultry, rabbits and pet animals-Etiology, symptoms, pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment and control of major bacterial, viral, rickettsial and parasitic infections.
(ii) Description, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the following:
(a) Production diseasesof milch animals, pig and poultry.
(b) Deficiency diseases of domestic livestock and birds.
(c) Poisonings due to infected/contaminated foods and feeds, chemicals and drugs.

7. Principles of immunization and vaccination: Different types of immunity, antigens and antibodies. Methods of immunization. Breakdown of immunity, Vaccines and their use in animals. Zoonoses, Foodborne infections and intoxications, occupation hazards.

8 (a) Poisons used for killing animals euthanesia,
(b) Drugs used for increasing production/performance efficiency, and their adverse effects.
(c) Drugs used to tranquilize wild animals as well as animals in captivity.
(d) Quarantine measures in India and abroad. Act, Rules and Regulations.

9 Dairy Science: Physico-chemical and nutritional properties of milk.

Quality assessment of milk and milk products, Common tests and legal standards. Cleaning and sanitation of dairy equipment. Milk collections, chilling, transportation processing, packaging, storage and distribution. Manufacture of market milk, cream, butter, cheese, ice-cream, condensed and dried milk, by-products and Indian Milk products. : Unit operations in dairy plant.

Role of micro organisms in quality of milk and products. Physiology of milk secretion.

1. Cell Biology: Structure and function of cell wall (extracellular.matrix or ECM), cell membrane and cell organelles. Nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear pore complex (NPC), chromosome and nucleosome. Mitosis, meiosis, molecular control involving check-points in cell division cycle. Diff~erertiation, cellular senescence.

2. Genetics, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology: Laws of inheritance.Concept of gene and allelomorph. Linkage crossing over gene mapping. Structural and numerical changes in chromosomes and gene mutations. Sex determination and differentiation. Structure and synthesis of nucleic acMs and proteins. Genetic code. Regulation of gene expression. Genetic engineering and crop improvement. Protoplast, cell, tissue and organ cultures. Somatic hybridization. Biofertilizers and biopesticides. Biotechnology in agri-horticulture, medicine and industry.

3. Tissue Systems: Origin, development, structure and function of primary and secondary tissue.

4. Plant Diversity and Systematics: Structure and function of plant forms from evolutionary aspects (viruses to Angiosperms including fossils). Principles of nomenclature, classification and identification of plants. Modern approaches in plant taxonomy. Recent classification of living organism into three groups (bacteria, archaea and eukarya).

5. Plant Physiology: Water relations. Mineral nutrition. Photosynthesis. Respiration. Nitrogen metabolism. Enzymes and coenzymes. Dynamics of growth, growth movements, growth substances, photomorphogenesis.
Secondary metabolites. Isotopes in biological studies. Physiology of flowering.

6. Methods of Reproduction and Seed Biology: Vegetative, asexual and sexual methods of reproduction. Pollination and fertilization. Sexual incompatibility. Development, structure, dormancy and germination of seed.

7. Plant Pathology: Diseases of rice, wheat, sugarcane, potato, mustard, groundnut and cotton crops. Factors affecting infection (host factors, pathogen factors, biotic factors like rhizosphere and phyllosphere organisms). Chemical, biological and genetic methods of disease control (including transgenic plants).

8. Plant and Environment: Biotic and abiotic components. Ecological adaptation. Types of vegetational zones and forests of India. Deforestation, afforestation, social forestry and plant introduction. Soil erosion, wasteland and reclamation. Environmental pollution and its control (including phytoremediation). Bioindicators. Global warming.

9. Biodiversity, Plant Genetic Resources: Methocis of conservation of plant genetic resources and its importance. Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD). Endangered, threatened and endemic taxa. Role of cell/ tissue culture in propagation and enrichment of genetic diversity. Plants as sources of food, fodder, forage, fibers, oils, drugs, wood and timber, paper, rubber, beverages, spices, essential oils and resins, gums, dyes, insecticides, pesticides and ornamentation. Biomass as a source of energy.

10. Origin of Life and Evolution: Basic concept of origin of earth and origin of life. Theories of organic evolution, molecular basis of evolution.

Section A (Inorganic Chemistry)

1.1 Atomic structure: Schrodinger wave equation, significance of 4* and M72 quantum numbers and their significance, radial and angular probability, shapes of orbitals, relative energies of atomic orbitals as a function of atomic number. Electronic configurations of elements; Aufbau principle, Hunds multiplicity rule, Pauli exclusion principle.

1.2 Chemical periodicity: Periodic classification of elements, salient characteristics of s, p, d and f block elements. Periodic trends of atomic radii, ionic radii, ionisation potential, electron affinity and elertronegativity in the periodic table.

1.3 Chemical bonding: Types of bonding, overlap of atomic orbitals, sigma and pi bonds, hydrogen and metallic bonds. Shapes of molecules, bond order, bond length, V.S.E.P.R. theory and bond angles. The concept of hybridization and shapes of m&Lcules and ions.

1.4 Oxidation states and oxidation number: Oxidation and reduction, oxidation numbers, common redox reactions, ionic equations. Balancing of equations for oxidation and reduction reactions.

1.5 Acids and bases: Bronsted and Lewis theories of acids and bases. Hard and soft aids and bases. HSAB principle, relative strengths of acids and bases and the effect of substituents and solvents on their strength.

1.6 Chemistry of elements:
(i) Hydrogen: Its unique position in the periodic table, isotopes, ortho and para hydrogen, industrial production, heavy water.

(ii) Chemistry of s and p block elements: Eectronic configuration, general characteristic properties, inert pair effect, allotropy and catenation. Special emphasis on solutions of alkali and alkaline earth metals in liquid ammonia. Preparation, properties and structures of boric acid, borates, boron nitrides, borohydride (diborane), carboranes, oxides and oxyacids of nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur and chlorine; interhalogen compounds, polyhalide ions, pseudohalogens, fluorocarbons and basic properties of halogens. Chemical reactivity of noble gases, preparation, structure and bonding of noble gas compounds,

(iii) Chemistry of d block elements: Transition metals including lanthanides, general characteristic properties, oxidation states, magnetic behaviour, colour. First row transition metals and general properties of their compounds (oxides, halides and sulphides); lanthanide contraction.

1.7 Extraction of metals: Principles of extraction of metals as illustrated by sodium magnesium, aluminum, iron, nickel, copper, silver and gold.

1.8 Nuclear Chemistry: Nuclear reactions; mass defect and binding energy, nuclear fission and fusion. Nuclear reactors; radioisotopes and their applications.

1.9 Coordination compounds: Nomenclature, isomerism and theories of coordination compounds and their role in nature and medicine.

1.10 Pollution and its control: Air pollution, types of air pollutants; control of air and water pollution; radioactive pollution.

Section B (Organic Chemistry)

2.1 Bonding and shapes of organic molecules: Electronegativity, electron displacements-inductive, mesomeric and hyperconjugative effects; bond polarity and bond polarizability, dipole moments of organic molecules; hydrogen bond; effects of solvent and structure on dissociation constants of acids and bases; bond formation, fission of covalent bonds: homolysis and heterolysis; reaction intermediates-carbocations, carbanions, free radicals and carbenes; generation, geometry and stability; nucleophiles and electrophiles.

2.2 Chemistry of aliphatic compounds: Nomenclature alkanes -synthesis, reactions (free radical halogenation) - reactivity and selectivity, sulphonation-detergents; cycloalkanes - Baeyrs strain theory; aikenes and alkynes-synthesis, electrophilic addition; reactions, Markownikovs rule, peroxide effects, 1- 3-dipolar addition, nucleophilic addition to electron-deficient aikenes; polymerisation; relative acidity; synthesis and reactions of alkylhalides, alkanols, alkanals, alkanones, alkanoic acids, esters, amides, nitriles, amines, acid anhydrides, a, B - unsaturated ketones, ethers and nitro compounds.

2.3 Stereochemistry of carbon compounds: Elements of symmetry, chiral and achiral compounds. Fischer projection formulae; optical isomerism of lactic and tartaric acids, enantiomerism and diastereoisomerism; configuration (relative and absolute); conformations of alkanes up to four carbons, cyclohexane and dimethylcyclo - hexanes - their potential energy, D, L - and R, S - notations of compounds containing chiral centres; projection formulae- Fischer, Newman and sawhorse of compounds containing two adjacent crural centres; meso and di-isomers, erythro and threoisomers; racemization and resolution; examples of homotopic, enantiotopic and diasteretopic atoms and groups in organic compounds, geometrical isomers; E and Z notations. Stereochemistry of SN1, SN2, El and E2 reactions.

2.4 Organometallic compounds: Preparation and synthetic uses of Grignard reagents, alkyl lithium compounds.

2.5 Active methylene compounds: Diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl cyanoacetate- applications in organic synthesis, tautomerism (keto-enol).

2.6 Chemistry of aromatic compounds: Aromaticity; Huckels rule; electrophilic aromatic substitution-nitration, sulphonation, halogenation (nuclear and side chain), Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, substituents effect; chemistry and reactivity of aromatic halides, phenols, nitro-, diazo, diazonium and sulphonic acid derivatives, benzyne reactions.

2.7 Chemistry of biomolecules: (i) Carbohydrates: Classification, reactions, structure of glucose, D, L-configuration, osazone formation; fructose and sucrose; step-up step-down of aldoses and ketoses, and their interconversions, (ii) Amino acids: Essential amino acids, zwitterions, isoelectric point, polypeptides; proteins; methods of synthesis of a amino acids, (iii) Elementary idea of oils, fats, soaps and detergents.

2.8 Basic principles and applications of UV, visible, IR and NMR spectroscopy of simple organic molecules.

Section C (PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY)

3.1 Gaseous state: Deviation of real gases from the equation of state for an ideal gas, Vander Waais and Virile equation of state, critical phenomena, principle of corresponding states, equation for reduced state. Liquification of gases, distribution of molecular speed, collisions between molecules in a gas; mean free path, specific heat of gases.

3.2 Thermodynamics:
(i) First law and its applications: Thermodynamic systems, states and processes work, heat and internal energy, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, various types of work done on a system in reversible and irreversible processes. Calorimetry and thermochemistry, enthalpy and enthalpy changes in various physical and chemical processes, Joule-Thomson effect, inversion temperature. Heat capacities and temperature dependence of enthalpy and energy changes.

(ii) Second law and its applications: Spontaneity of a process, entropy and entropy changes in various processes, free energy functions, criteria for equilibrium, relation between equilibrium constant and thermodynamic quantities.

3.3 Phase rule and its applications: Equilibrium between liquid, solid and vapours of a pure substance, Clausius-Clapeyron equation and its applications. Number of components, phases and degrees of freedom; phase rule and its applications; simple systems with Qne (water and sulphur) and two components (lead-siiver, salt hydrates). Distribution law, its modifications, limitations and applications.

3.4 Solutions: Solubility and its temperature dependence, partially miscible liquids, upper and lower critical solution temperatures, vapour pressures of liquids over their mixtures, Raoults and Henrys laws, fractional and steam distillations.

3.5 Colligative Properties: Dilute solutions and colligative properties, determination of molecular weights using colligative properties.

3.6. Electrochemistry: Ions in solutions, ionic equilibria, dissociation constants of acids and bases, hydrolysis, pH and buffers, theory of indicators and acid-base titrations. Conductivity of ionic solutions, its variation with concentration, Ostwalds dilution law, Kohlrausch Law and its application. Transport number and its determination. Faradays laws of electrolysis, galvanic cells and measurements of their e.m.f., cell reactions, standard cell, standard reduction potential, Nernst equation, relation between thermodynamic quantities and cell e.m.f., fuel cells, potentiometric titrations.

3.7 Chemical kinetics: Rate of chemical reaction and its dependence on concentrations of the reactants, rate constant and order of reaction and their experimental determination; differential and integral rate equations for first and second order reaction, half-life periods; temperature dependence of rate constant and Arrhenius parameters; elementary ideas regarding collision and transition state theory.

3.8 Photochemistry: Absorption of light, laws of photochemistry, quantum yield, the excited state and its decay by radiative, nonradiative and chemical pathways; simple photochemical reactions.

3.9 Catalysis: Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and their characteristics, mechanism of heterogeneous catalysis; enzyme catalysed reactions (Michaelis-Menten mechanism).

3.10 Colloids: The colloidal state, preparation and purification of colloids and their characteristic properties; lyophilic and lyophobic colloids and coagulation; protection of colloids; gels, emulsions, surfactants and micelles.

Part-A
1. Engineering Mechanics: Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Vectors, Concept of Force, Concept of particle and rigid body. Concurrent, nonconcurrent and parallel forces in a plane, moment of force and Varignons theorem, free-body diagram, conditions of equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system.
First and Second Moments of area, Mass moment of inertia.

Static friction Inclined plane and bearings.

Kinematics and Kinetics: Kinematics in cartesian and polar co-ordinates, motion under uniform and nonuniform acceleration, motion under gravity. Kinetics of particle: Momentum and Energy principles, D Alemberfe Principle, Collision of elastic bodies, rotation of rigid bodies, simple harmonic motion.

2. Strength of Materials: Simple Stress and Strain, Elastic constants, axially loaded compression members, Shear force and bending moment, theory of simple bending, Shear Stress distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength, Leaf spring, Strain Energy in direct stress, bending and shear.

Deflection of beams: Macaulays Method, Mohrs moment area method, Conjugate beam method, unit load method. Torsion of Shafts, Transmission of power, closecoiled helical springs, Elastic stability of columns: Eulers Rankines and Secant formulae. Principal Stresses and Strains in two dimension, Mohrs Circle. Theories of Elastic Failure, Thin and Thick cylinders: Stresses due to internal and external pressures - Lames equation.

3. Structural Analysis: Analysis of pin jointed plane trusses, deflection in trusses. Three hinged and two hinged arches, rib shortening, temperature effects, influence lines in arches. Analysis of propped cantilevers, fixed beams, continuous beams and rigid frames. Slope deflection, moment distribution, Kanis method and Matrix method: Force and Displacement methods. Rolling loads and influence lines for determinate beams and pin jointed trusses.

Part-B
Geotechnical Engineering: Types of soil, field identification and classification, phase relationships, consistency limits, particle size distribution, classification of soil, structure and clay mineralogy.
Capillary water and structural water, effective stress and pore water pressure, Darcys Law, factors affecting permeability, determination of permeability, permeability of stratified soil deposits.

Seepage pressure, quick sand condition, compressibility and consolidation, Terzaghis theory of one-dimensional consolidation, consolidation test. Compaction of soil, optimum moisture content. Proctor Density.

Subsurface exploration, methods of boring, sampling, types of sampler, field tests.

Shear strength of soils, Mohr-Cbulomb failure theory, shear tests, Earth pressure at rest, active and passive pressures, Rankines theory, Coulombs wedge theory, earth pressure on retaining wall.

Bearing capacity, Terzaghi and other important theories, net and gross bearing pressure, Immediate and consolidation settlement.

Load carrying capacity of pile groups.
Stability of slope-Conventional method of slices, stability numbers.

Transportation Engineering: Highway alignment, choice of layout and capacity of highways, location survey, geometric design of highways -various elements, curves, grade separation and segregation of traffic, intersection design, highway materials and testing subgrade and pavement components, types of pavetnents, road drainage, elements of airport engineering.

Railway Engineering - elements of permanent track-rails, sleepers, ballast and rail fastenings, tractive resistance. Elements of geometric design - gradients and grade compensation on curves, cant transition curves and vertical curves, stresses in railway tracks, points and crossings, signalling and interlocking, maintenance of railway track. Culverts and small bridges.

Part-C
Fluid Mechanics: Fluid properties, fluid statics, forces on plane and curved surfaces, stability of floating and submerged bodies.

Kinematics: Velocity, streamlines, continuity equation, acceleration, irrotational and rotational flow, velocity potential and stream functions, flownet, separation.

Dynamics: Eulers equation along streamline, control volume equation, continuity, momentum, energy and moment of momentum equation from control volume equation, applications to pipe flow, moving vanes, moment of momentum, Dimensional analysis.

Boundary layer on a flat plate, drag and lift on bodies. Laminar and Turbulent Flows. Laminar and turbulent flow through pipes, friction factor variation, pipe networks, water hammer, and surge tanks.

Open Channel Flow: Energy and momentum correction factors, uniform and non-uniform flows, specific energy and specific force, critical depth, Friction factors and roughness coefficients, flow in transitions, free overfall, weirs, hydraulic jump, surges, gradually varied flow equations, surface profiles, moving hydraulic jump.

Part-D: Environmental Engineering
Water Supply: Estimation of surface and subsurface water resources, predicting demand for water, impurities of water and their significance, physical, chemical and bacteriological analysis, water borne diseases, standards for potable water.

Intake of water: Pumping and gravity schemes, water treatment: principles of coagulation, floculation and sedimentation; slow, rapid-, pressure-, filters; chlorination, softening, removal of taste, odour and salinity.

Water storage and distribution: Storage and balancing reservoir types, location and capacity. Distribution systems: layout, hydraulics of pipe lines, pipe fittings, valves including check and pressure reducing valves, meters, analysis of distribution systems, leak detection, maintenance of distribution systems, pumping stations and their operations.

Sewerage systems: Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage-separate and combined systems, flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances, manholes, inlets, junctions, siphon. Plumbing in Public buildings.

Sewage characterisation; BOD, COD, solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of disposal in normal water course and on land. Sewage treatment: Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tank, tricking filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge, recycling of waste water.

Construction Management: Elements and principles of Activity on Arrow f AOA) and Activity on Node (AON) networks and work breakdown structure. Interfaces. Ladder networks. Activity time. Time computations and floats. ATC and PTC trade-off. Work study and sampling. Scheduling principles-material schedules. ABC and EOQ analysis of inventory. Budgeting with barcharts. Working capital. PERT, probability of completion. Elements of Engineering Economics, methods of appraisal, present worth, annual cost, benefit-cost, incremental analysis. Economy of scale and size. Choosing between alternatives including levels of investments. Project profitability.

Part-I: Accounting and Auditing

Nature, Scope and Objectives of Accounting- Accounting as an Information System - Users of Accounting Information.

Generally Accepted Principles of Accounting - The Accounting Equation -Accrual Concept - Other concepts and conventions. Distinction between capital and.revenue expenditure. Accounting Standards and their application - Accounting standards relating to fixed assets, depreciation, inventory, recognition of revenue.

Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors, Partnership Firms and Limited Companies-Statutory Provisions - Reserves, Provisions and Funds. Final Accounts of not-for profit organisations.

Accounting problems related to admission and retirement of a partner and dissolution of a firm.

Accounting for Shares and Debentures - Accounting Treatment of Convertible debentures.

Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements Ratio analysis and interpretation. Ratios relation to short term liquidity, long term solvency and profitability - Importance of the rate of return on investment (ROi) in evaluating the overall performance of a business entity - Cash-flow Statement and Statement of Source.and Application of Funds-Societal obligations of Accounting.

Auditing:
¢ Nature, objectives and basic principles of auditing.
¢ Techniques of Auditing - physical verification, examination of documents and vouching, direct confirmation, analytical review.
¢ Planning an audit, audit programmes, working papers, audit process.
. ¢ Evaluation of internal controls.
¢ Test checking and samp-ling.
¢ Broad outlines of company audit.
¢ Audit of non-corporate enterprises.
¢ Internal and management audit.

Part -II: Business Organisation
Distinctive features of different forms of business organisation. Sole Proprietor
Partnerships-characteristics, Registration, Partnership deed, Rights and duties, Retirement, Dissolution.
Joint Stock Company - Concept, characteristics, types. Cooperative and State ownership forms of organisations. Types of securities and methods of their issue.

Economic functions of the capital market, stock exchanges, Mutual Funds. Control and regulation of capital market.

Business combinations; control of Monopolies. Problems of modernisation of industrial enterprises. Social Responsibility of business.

Foreign Trade - Procedure and financing of import and export trade. Incentives for export promotion. Financing of foreign trade.

Insurance - Principles and practice of Life, Fire, Marine and General Insurance.

Management: Management functions - Planning - strategies, Organising-levels of authority, Staffing, Line function and staff function, Leadership, Communication, Motivation.

Directing - Principles, Strategies. Coordination - Concept, types, methods.

Control - principles, performance standards, corrective action. Salary and wage administration - Job evaluation.

Organisation Structure - Centralisation and decentralisation - Delegation of authority - span of control - Management by Objectives and Management by Exception.

Management of change; Crisis Management.
Office Management - scope and principles; systems and routines; handling of records - modern aids to Office management; office equipment and machines; Automation and Personal Computers.

Impact of Organisation and Methods {O & M).

Company Law: Joint stock companies - incorporation; documents and formalities - Doctrine of indoor management and constructive notice.

Duties and powers of the board of directors of a company.
Accounts and audit of companies.

Company Secretary - role and functions - qualifications for appointment.

Part-I: General Economics
1) Micro-economics: (a) Production: Agents of Production; Costs and Supply; Isoquants (b) Consumption and Demand; Elasticity concept (c) Market Structure and concepts of equilibrium; (d) Determination of prices; (e) Components and Theories of Distribution, (f) Elementary concepts of Welfare economics: Pareto-optimality-Private and social products-consumers surplus.

2) Macro-economics: (a) National Income concepts; (b) Determinants of National Income Employment (c) Determinants of consumption, savings and investment, (d) Rate of Interest and its determination (e) Interest and profit.

3) Money, Banking and Public Finance: (a) Concepts of Money and measures of money supply; velocity of money (b) Banks and credit creation; Banks and portfolio management, (c) Central Bank and control over money supply (d) Determination of the price level, (e) Inflation, its causes and remedies, (f) Public Finance-Budgets-Taxes and non-tax revenues-Types of Budget deficits.

4) International Economics:
(1) Theories of International Trade-comparative costs-Heckscher-Ohlin-Gains from Trade-Terms of Trade.
(2) Free Trade and Protection.
(3) Balance of Payments accounts and Adjustment.
(4) Exchange rate under free exchange markets.
(5) Evolution of the International Monetary System and World Trading o, der-Gold Standard-the Brettonwoods system.
IMF and the World Bank and their associates. .
Floating rates - GATT and WTO

(5) Growth and Development: (1) Meaning and measurement of growth; Growth, distribution and Welfare; (2) Characteristics, of underdevelopment; (3) Stages of Development; (4) Sources of growth-capital, Human capital, population, productivity, Trade and aid, non-economic factors; growth Strategies, (5) Planning in a mixed economy - Indicative planning N- Planning and growth.

(6) Economic Statistics: Types of averages-measures of dispersion -correlation - Index numbers; types, uses and limitations.

Part-II: Indian Economics
1. Main features; Geographic size-Endowment of natural resources. Population: size, composition quality and growth trend - Occupational distribution - Effects of British Rule with reference to Drain theory and Laissez Faire policy.

2. Major problems, their dimensions, nature and broad causes; Mass poverty - Unemployment and its types-Economics effects of population pressure - inequality and types thereof - Low productivity and low per capita income, Rural - urban disparities - Foreign -Trade and payments imbalances. Balance of Payments and External Debt - Inflation, and parallel economy and its effects - Fiscal deficit.

3. Growth in income and employment since Independence-Rate, Pattern, Sectoral trends - Distributional Changes - Regional disparities.

4- Economic Planning in India: Major controversies on Planning in India: Alternative strategies - goals and achievements, shortfalls of different plans - planning and the Market.

5. Broad Fiscal, monetary, industrial, trade-and agricultural policies -objectives, rationale, constraints and effects.

Electrical Circuits- Theory and Applications: Circuit components, network graphs, KCL, KVL; circuit analysis methods: nodal analysis, mesh analysis; basic network theorems and applications; transient analysis: RL, RC and RLC circuits; sinusoidal steady state analysis; resonant circuits and applications; coupled circuits and applications; balanced 3-phase circuits. Two port networks, driving point and transfer functions; poles and zeros of network functions.

Signals & Systems: Representation of continuous-time and discrete-time signals & systems; LTI systems; convolution; impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI systems based on convolution and differential/difference equations. Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, Transfer function. Sampling and recovery of signals.

Control systems: Elements of control systems; block-diagram representations; open-loop & closed-loop systems; principles and application of feedback. LTI systems: time domain and transform domain analysis. Stability: Routh Hurwitz criterion, root-loci, Nyquists criterion. Bode-plots, Design of lead-lag compensators; Proportional, PI, P1D controllers.

E.M. Theory: Electrostatic and magneto-static fields; Maxwells equations; e.m. waves and wave equations; wave propagation and antemias; transmission lines; micro-wave resonators, cavities and wave guides.

Electrical Engineering Materials: Electrical/electronic behaviour of materials: Conductivity; free electrons and band-theory; intrinsic and extrinsic semi¬conductor, p-n junction; solar cells, super-conductivity. Dielectric behaviour of materials: polarization phenomena, piezo-electric phenomena. Magnetic materials: behaviour and application.

Analog Electronics: Diode circuits: rectifiers, filters, clipping and clamping, zener diode and voltage regulation. Bipolar and field effect transistors (BJT, JFET and MOSFET): Characteristics, biasing and small signal equivalent circuits. Basic amplifier circuits; differential amplifier circuits. Amplifiers: analysis, frequency response. Principle of feedback; OPAMP circuits; filters; oscillators.

Digital Electronics: Boolean algebra; minimisation of Boolean function; logic gates, digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinational circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers and decoders.1 Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Comparators, timers, multivibrators. Sample and hold circuits; ADCs and DACs. Semiconductor memories.

Communication Systems: Fourier analysis of signals: ampliHide, phase and power spectrum, auto-correlation and cross-correlation and their Fourier transforms. Analog modulation systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis; superheterodyne receivers. Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential PCM, delta modulation. Digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK). Multiplexing: time-division, frequency-division.

Additive Gaussian noise: characterization using correlation, probability density function, power spectral density, Signal-to-noise ratio calculations for AM and FM. Elements of digital communication systems: source coding, channel coding; digital modulation & demodulation. Elements of Information theory, channel capacity. Elements of satellite and mobile communication; principles of television engineering; radar engineering and radio aids to navigation.

Computers and Microprocessors: Computer organization: number representation and arithmetic, functional organization, machine instructions, addressing modes, ALU, hardwired and microprogrammed control, memory organization. Elements of microprocessors: 8-bit microprocessors - architecture, instruction set, assembly level programming, memory, I/O interfacing, microcontrollers and applications.

Measurement and Instrumentation: Error analysis; measurement of current voltage, power, energy, power-factor, resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency; bridge measurements. Electronic measuring instruments: multimeter, CRO, digital voltmeter, frequency counter, Q-meter, spectrum analyser, distortion-meter. Transducers: thermocouple, thermistor, LVDT, strainguages, piezo-electric crystal. Use of transducers in measurement of non-electrical quantities. Data-acquisition systems.

Energy Conversion: Single-phase transformer; equivalent circuit, phasor-diagram, tests, regulation and efficiency; three-phase transformer; auto transformer. Principles of energy conversion - d.c. generators and motors: Performers characteristics, starting and speed control armature reaction and commutation; three-phase induction motor; performance characteristics, starting and speed control. Single-phase induction motor. Synchronous generators: performance characteristics, regulation, parallel operation.

Synchronous motors: starting characteristics, applications; synchronous condenser. FHP motors, permanent magnet and stepper motors, brushless d.c. motors, single-phase motors.

Power systems: Electric power generation: thermal, hydro, nuclear. Transmission line parameters: steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables. Distribution systems: insulators, bundle conductors, corona arid radio interference effects; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and impedance matrices; load flow; voltage control and power factor correction. Economic operation. Principles of over current, differential and distance protection; solid state relays, circuit breakers, concept of system stability. HVDC transmission.

Power Electronics and Electric Drives: Semiconductor power devices: diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFET, static characteristics, principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase controlled rectifiers; bridge converters-fully controlled and half controlled; principles of thyristor chopper and inverter. Basic concept of speed control of dc and ac motor drives.

Elements of IC Fabrication Technology: Overview of IC Technology. Unit steps used in IC fabrication: water cleaning, photo-lithography, wet and dry etching, oxidation, diffusion, ion-implantation, CVD and LPCVD techniques for deposition of poly-silicon, silicon, silicon-nitride and silicon dioxide; metallisation and passivation.