Electrical Circuits- Theory and Applications: Circuit components, network graphs, KCL, KVL; circuit analysis methods: nodal analysis, mesh analysis; basic network theorems and applications; transient analysis: RL, RC and RLC circuits; sinusoidal steady state analysis; resonant circuits and applications; coupled circuits and applications; balanced 3-phase circuits. Two port networks, driving point and transfer functions; poles and zeros of network functions.
Signals & Systems: Representation of continuous-time and discrete-time signals & systems; LTI systems; convolution; impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI systems based on convolution and differential/difference equations. Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, Transfer function. Sampling and recovery of signals.
Control systems: Elements of control systems; block-diagram representations; open-loop & closed-loop systems; principles and application of feedback. LTI systems: time domain and transform domain analysis. Stability: Routh Hurwitz criterion, root-loci, Nyquists criterion. Bode-plots, Design of lead-lag compensators; Proportional, PI, P1D controllers.
E.M. Theory: Electrostatic and magneto-static fields; Maxwells equations; e.m. waves and wave equations; wave propagation and antemias; transmission lines; micro-wave resonators, cavities and wave guides.
Electrical Engineering Materials: Electrical/electronic behaviour of materials: Conductivity; free electrons and band-theory; intrinsic and extrinsic semi¬conductor, p-n junction; solar cells, super-conductivity. Dielectric behaviour of materials: polarization phenomena, piezo-electric phenomena. Magnetic materials: behaviour and application.
Analog Electronics: Diode circuits: rectifiers, filters, clipping and clamping, zener diode and voltage regulation. Bipolar and field effect transistors (BJT, JFET and MOSFET): Characteristics, biasing and small signal equivalent circuits. Basic amplifier circuits; differential amplifier circuits. Amplifiers: analysis, frequency response. Principle of feedback; OPAMP circuits; filters; oscillators.
Digital Electronics: Boolean algebra; minimisation of Boolean function; logic gates, digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinational circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers and decoders.1 Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Comparators, timers, multivibrators. Sample and hold circuits; ADCs and DACs. Semiconductor memories.
Communication Systems: Fourier analysis of signals: ampliHide, phase and power spectrum, auto-correlation and cross-correlation and their Fourier transforms. Analog modulation systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis; superheterodyne receivers. Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential PCM, delta modulation. Digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK). Multiplexing: time-division, frequency-division.
Additive Gaussian noise: characterization using correlation, probability density function, power spectral density, Signal-to-noise ratio calculations for AM and FM. Elements of digital communication systems: source coding, channel coding; digital modulation & demodulation. Elements of Information theory, channel capacity. Elements of satellite and mobile communication; principles of television engineering; radar engineering and radio aids to navigation.
Computers and Microprocessors: Computer organization: number representation and arithmetic, functional organization, machine instructions, addressing modes, ALU, hardwired and microprogrammed control, memory organization. Elements of microprocessors: 8-bit microprocessors - architecture, instruction set, assembly level programming, memory, I/O interfacing, microcontrollers and applications.
Measurement and Instrumentation: Error analysis; measurement of current voltage, power, energy, power-factor, resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency; bridge measurements. Electronic measuring instruments: multimeter, CRO, digital voltmeter, frequency counter, Q-meter, spectrum analyser, distortion-meter. Transducers: thermocouple, thermistor, LVDT, strainguages, piezo-electric crystal. Use of transducers in measurement of non-electrical quantities. Data-acquisition systems.
Energy Conversion: Single-phase transformer; equivalent circuit, phasor-diagram, tests, regulation and efficiency; three-phase transformer; auto transformer. Principles of energy conversion - d.c. generators and motors: Performers characteristics, starting and speed control armature reaction and commutation; three-phase induction motor; performance characteristics, starting and speed control. Single-phase induction motor. Synchronous generators: performance characteristics, regulation, parallel operation.
Synchronous motors: starting characteristics, applications; synchronous condenser. FHP motors, permanent magnet and stepper motors, brushless d.c. motors, single-phase motors.
Power systems: Electric power generation: thermal, hydro, nuclear. Transmission line parameters: steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables. Distribution systems: insulators, bundle conductors, corona arid radio interference effects; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and impedance matrices; load flow; voltage control and power factor correction. Economic operation. Principles of over current, differential and distance protection; solid state relays, circuit breakers, concept of system stability. HVDC transmission.
Power Electronics and Electric Drives: Semiconductor power devices: diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFET, static characteristics, principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase controlled rectifiers; bridge converters-fully controlled and half controlled; principles of thyristor chopper and inverter. Basic concept of speed control of dc and ac motor drives.
Elements of IC Fabrication Technology: Overview of IC Technology. Unit steps used in IC fabrication: water cleaning, photo-lithography, wet and dry etching, oxidation, diffusion, ion-implantation, CVD and LPCVD techniques for deposition of poly-silicon, silicon, silicon-nitride and silicon dioxide; metallisation and passivation.